Header Search Widget
The SALT Research Group

UC Berkeley Nuclear Engineering Department

Publications

Google Scholar Profile: Raluca O. Scarlat

Salt chemistry

  1. Sean Fayfar, Rajni Chahal, Haley Williams, Nathanael Gardner, Guiqiu Zheng, David Sprouster, Jörg C. Neuefeind, Dan Olds, Andrea Hwang, Joanna Mcfarlane, Ryan C. Gallagher, Mark Asta, Stephen Lam, Raluca O. Scarlat, Boris Khaykovich. Complex structure of molten FLiBe by experimental X-ray scattering, neutron scattering, and deep neural-network-based molecular dynamics. PRX Energy 3, 013001 (2024).
  2. W. B. Derdeyn, S. Mastromarino, R. Gakhar, M. H. Anderson, M. A. Kats, R. O. Scarlat. Infrared Optical Spectroscopy of Molten Fluorides: Methods, Electronic and Vibrational Data, Structural Interpretation, and Relevance to Radiative Heat Transfer. Journal of Molecular Liquids. 385, 121936 (2023).
  3. R. Vidrio, S. Mastromarino, E. Still, L. Chapdelaine, R. O. Scarlat. Density and Thermal Expansivity of Molten 2LiF-BeF2 (FLiBe): Measurements and Uncertainty Quantification. J. Chem. Eng. Data 67, 12, 3517–3531. (2022) | Journal cover image.
  4. Yao, Mei, Xiao, Shahsfi, Derdeyn, King, Wan, R. O. Scarlat, Anderson, Kats. Correcting thermal-emission-induced detector saturation in infrared reflection or transmission spectroscopy. Optics Review. 30(21), pp. 38458-38467 (2022).
  5. L. Vergari, M. Nelson, A. Droster, C. Contescu, N. Gallego, R. O. Scarlat. Infiltration of molten fluoride salts in graphite: phenomenology and engineering considerations for reactor operations and waste disposal. Journal of Nuclear Materials. 154058 (2022).
  6. Chunhui Yao, Hongyan Mei, Yuzhe Xiao, Alireza Shahsafi, William Derdeyn, Jonathan L King, Chenghao Wan, Raluca O Scarlat, Mark H Anderson, Mikhail A Kats. Correcting thermal-emission-induced detector saturation in infrared spectroscopy. Optics Express. 20:31 (2022).
  7. Winner, N., Williams, H., Scarlat, R., & Asta, M. Ab-Initio Simulation Studies of Cr Solvation in Fluoride Molten Salts. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 335, 1163551. (2021)
  8. F. Carotti, H. Wu, and R. O. Scarlat. Characterization of a Thermodynamic Reference Electrode for Molten LiF-BeF2 (FLiBe). Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 164 (12) H854-H861 (2017).
  9. Carotti F., Goh B., Shafer M., Scarlat R. O., Datasets for Elemental Composition of 2LiF-BeF2 (FLiBe) Salt Purified by Hydro-Fluorination, Analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) using Two Digestion Methods. Data in Brief. 21: 1612-1617. (Dec. 2018).
  10. Seifried J. E., Scarlat R. O., Peterson P. F., Greenspan E., A General Approach for Determination of Acceptable FLiBe Impurity Concentrations in FHRs. Nuclear Engineering and Design. 343: 85-95 (2019).
  11. Scarlat R. O. , CrF2 Solubility in 2LiF-BeF2: Comment on “An integrated model of tritium transport and corrosion in Fluoride Salt-Cooled High-Temperature Reactors (FHRs) – Part I: Theory and benchmarking.” Nuclear Engineering and Design. 335 (2018) 389-390.
  12. Zhang J., Forsberg C. W. , Simpson M. , Guo S. , Tang Lam S. T., Scarlat R. O., Carotti F., Chan K. J., Singh P., Donniger W., Sridharan K., Keiser J. R., Redox Potential Control in Molten Salt Systems for Corrosion Mitigation. Corrosion Science. 144: 44-53. (Nov. 2018).

Electrochemistry

  1. Elena Romanovskaia, Ho Lun Chan, Valentin Romanovski, Francisco Garfias, Minsung Hong, Sara Mastromarino, Peter Hosemann, Raluca Scarlat, John R. Scully. An In Situ, multi-electrode electrochemical method to assess the open circuit potential corrosion of Cr in unpurified molten FLiNaK. Corrosion Science. 222, 111389 (2023).
  2. Langford, L., Winner, N., Hwang, A., Williams, H., Vergari, L., Scarlat, R. O., & Asta, M. (2022) Constant-Potential Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Molten-Salt Double Layers for FLiBe and FLiNaK. The Journal of Chemical Physics. 
  3. Consiglio, A. N., Carotti, F., Liu, E., Williams, H., & Scarlat, R. O. (2022). Design and operation of a molten salt electrochemical cell. MethodsX, 9, 101626.
  4. F. Carotti, E. Liu, D. Macdonald, R. O. Scarlat. An Electrochemical Study of Hydrogen in Molten FLiBe with Addition of LiH. Electrochimica Acta. 137114 (2020).
  5. Qiu J., Wu A., Li Y., Xu Y., Scarlat R. O., Macdonald D., Galvanic corrosion of Type 316L stainless steel and Graphite in molten fluoride salt. Corrosion Science. 170, 108677 (2020).
  6. Jie Qiu, Angjian Wu; Digby Macdonald; Jizheng Yao; Raluca Scarlat; Yanhui Li; Yi Xu. Kinetic study of hydrogen transport in graphite under molten fluoride salt environment. Electrochimica Acta. 352, 136459 (2020).
  7. J.Yao, J. Qiu, F. Carotti, R. O. Scarlat, D. Macdonald. Kinetic study of the hydrogen charging reaction on the graphite e in aqueous solution and in room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL). Electrochimica Acta. 330, 135291 (2020).
  8. Carotti F., Laudenbach A. , Wu H. , Straka M. , Scarlat R.O., Characterization of a Thermodynamic Reference Electrode for Molten LiF-BeF2 (FLiBe). Part II: Materials Analysis. Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 166(15) H835-H841 (2019).
  9. Zhang J., Forsberg C. W. , Simpson M. , Guo S. , Tang Lam S. T., Scarlat R. O., Carotti F., Chan K. J., Singh P., Donniger W., Sridharan K., Keiser J. R., Redox Potential Control in Molten Salt Systems for Corrosion Mitigation. Corrosion Science. 144: 44-53. (Nov. 2018).
  10. F. Carotti, H. Wu, and R. O. Scarlat. Characterization of a Thermodynamic Reference Electrode for Molten LiF-BeF2 (FLiBe). Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 164 (12) H854-H861 (2017).

Corrosion

  1. Sean H Mills, Ryan D Hayes, Nathan Bieberdorf, Steven E Zeltmann, Alexandra M Kennedy, Raluca O Scarlat, Mark Asta, Andrew M Minor. Elucidating the Role of Cr Migration in Ni-Cr Exposed to Molten FLiNaK via STEM-Based Methods. Microscopy and Microanalysis. 29, 1505-1506 (2023).
  2. Langford, L., Winner, N., Hwang, A., Williams, H., Vergari, L., Scarlat, R. O., & Asta, M. (2022) Constant-Potential Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Molten-Salt Double Layers for FLiBe and FLiNaK. The Journal of Chemical Physics. 
  3. Winner, N., Williams, H., Scarlat, R., & Asta, M. Ab-Initio Simulation Studies of Cr Solvation in Fluoride Molten Salts. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 335, 1163551. (2021)
  4. Qiu J., Wu A., Li Y., Xu Y., Scarlat R. O., Macdonald D., Galvanic corrosion of Type 316L stainless steel and Graphite in molten fluoride salt. Corrosion Science. 170, 108677 (2020).
  5. Carotti F., Laudenbach A. , Wu H. , Straka M. , Scarlat R.O., Characterization of a Thermodynamic Reference Electrode for Molten LiF-BeF2 (FLiBe). Part II: Materials Analysis. Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 166(15) H835-H841 (2019).
  6. Zhang J., Forsberg C. W. , Simpson M. , Guo S. , Tang Lam S. T., Scarlat R. O., Carotti F., Chan K. J., Singh P., Donniger W., Sridharan K., Keiser J. R., Redox Potential Control in Molten Salt Systems for Corrosion Mitigation. Corrosion Science. 144: 44-53. (Nov. 2018).
  7. Scarlat R. O. , CrF2 Solubility in 2LiF-BeF2: Comment on “An integrated model of tritium transport and corrosion in Fluoride Salt-Cooled High-Temperature Reactors (FHRs) – Part I: Theory and benchmarking.” Nuclear Engineering and Design. 335 (2018) 389-390.

Graphite

  1. L. Vergari, J. Quincey, G.Meric, T.Merriman, M. Hackett, R. O. Scarlat. Self-lubrication of Nuclear Graphite in Argon at High Temperature. Tribology International. 107946 (2022)
  2. L. Vergari, J. Quincey, G.Meric, R.O. Scarlat. Microstructural characterization data for nuclear graphite samples generated during tribology testing in argon. Data in Brief, 47. 108796 (2022)
  3. L. Vergari, M. Nelson, A. Droster, C. Contescu, N. Gallego, R. O. Scarlat. Infiltration of molten fluoride salts in graphite: phenomenology and engineering considerations for reactor operations and waste disposal. Journal of Nuclear Materials. 154058 (2022).
  4. Vergari, L., & Scarlat, R. O. The impact of neutron irradiation, graphite oxidation and fluorination on tritium uptake into and desorption from graphite in molten salt environments. Fusion Engineering and Design, 168, 112627. (2021)
  5. Vergari, L., & Scarlat, R. O. Kinetics and Transport of Hydrogen in Graphite at High Temperature and the Effects of Oxidation, Irradiation and Isotopics. Journal of Nuclear Materials, 153142. (2021)
  6. Vergari, L., & Scarlat, R. O. Thermodynamics of hydrogen in graphite at high temperature and the effects of oxidation, irradiation and isotopics. Journal of Nuclear Materials, 152797. (2021)
  7. Wu, R. Gakhar, Z. Zhou, A. Chen, C. Marshall, R. O. Scarlat. Data Analysis for Characterization of IG110 and A3 by X-Ray Diffraction and Raman Spectroscopy. Data in Brief. 32, 106193. (2020).
  8. Qiu J., Wu A., Li Y., Xu Y., Scarlat R. O., Macdonald D., Galvanic corrosion of Type 316L stainless steel and Graphite in molten fluoride salt. Corrosion Science. 170, 1 July 2020, 108677.
  9. Qiu, J, Wu A., Yao J., Xu Y., Li Y., Scarlat R. O., Macdonald D. D., Kinetic study of hydrogen transport in graphite under molten fluoride salt environment. Electrochimica Acta. Vol. 352, 20 August 2020, 136459.
  10. H. Wu, R. Gakhar, A. Chen, S. Lam, C. P. Marshall, R. O. Scarlat. Comparative analysis of microstructure and reactive sites for nuclear graphite IG-110 and graphite matrix A3. Journal of Nuclear Materials. 528. 151802 (2020).
  11. Wu H., Carotti F., Patel N., Gakhar R., Scarlat R. O. , Fluorination of Nuclear Graphite IG-110 in Molten FLiBe salt at 700 ºC. Journal of Fluorine Chemistry. 211. 159-170 (2018).
  12. Wu H., Carotti F., Gakhar R., Scarlat R. O., Spectroscopy (Raman, XPS, and GDMS) and XRD analysis for studying the interaction between nuclear grade graphite and molten 2LiF-BeF2 (FLiBe) at 700 º. Data in Brief. 20. 1816-1821. (2018)

Tritium

  1. L. Vergari, R.O. Scarlat, R.D. Hayes, M. Fratoni. The corrosion effects of neutron activation of 2LiF-BeF2 (FLiBe), Nuclear Materials and Energy. 101289 (2023).
  2. F. Carotti, E. Liu, D. Macdonald, R. O. Scarlat. An Electrochemical Study of Hydrogen in Molten FLiBe with Addition of LiH. Electrochimica Acta. 137114 (2020).
  3. Consiglio, A. N., Carotti, F., Liu, E., Williams, H., & Scarlat, R. O. (2022). Design and operation of a molten salt electrochemical cell. MethodsX, 9, 101626.
  4. Qiu, J, Wu A., Yao J., Xu Y., Li Y., Scarlat R. O., Macdonald D. D., Kinetic study of hydrogen transport in graphite under molten fluoride salt environment. Electrochimica Acta. 352. 136459 (2020).
  5. H. Wu, R. Gakhar, A. Chen, S. Lam, C. P. Marshall, R. O. Scarlat. Comparative analysis of microstructure and reactive sites for nuclear graphite IG-110 and graphite matrix A3. Journal of Nuclear Materials. 528. 151802 (2020).
  6. Scarlat R. O. , CrF2 Solubility in 2LiF-BeF2: Comment on “An integrated model of tritium transport and corrosion in Fluoride Salt-Cooled High-Temperature Reactors (FHRs) – Part I: Theory and benchmarking.” Nuclear Engineering and Design. 335. 389-390. (2018).
  7. Xie F., Cao J., Wei L., Tong J., Dong Y., Zhang Z., Scarlat R. O., Study of Tritium in the Primary Loop of HTR-10: Experiment and Theoretical Calculations. Progress in Nuclear Energy. 105. 99-105 (2018).
  8. Forsberg C. W., Lam S., Carpenter D. M., Whyte D. G., Scarlat R. O., Contescu C., Wei L., Stempien J., Blandford E., Tritium Control and Capture in Salt-Cooled Fission and Fusion Reactors: Status, Challenges and Path Forward. Nuclear Technology. 197 (2). 119-139. (2017)
  9. Forsberg C. W., Carpenter D. M., Whyte D. G., Scarlat R. O., Wei L., Tritium Control and Capture in Salt-Cooled Fission and Fusion Rectors. Fusion Science and Technology. 71. 584-589. (2017)

Safety analysis and design

  1. M. Abou Dbai, R. O. Scarlat, M. Trujillo. Radiative Heat Transfer in FLiBe Molten Salt Participating Medium in a Vertical Heated Tube Under Forced and Mixed Convection Laminar Flows. Nuclear Engineering and Design. 368, 110775 (2020).
  2. Seifried J. E., Scarlat R. O., Peterson P. F., Greenspan E., A General Approach for Determination of Acceptable FLiBe Impurity Concentrations in FHRs. Nuclear Engineering and Design. 343: 85-95 (2019).
  3. Xie F., Cao J., Wei L., Tong J., Dong Y., Zhang Z., Scarlat R. O., Study of Tritium in the Primary Loop of HTR-10: Experiment and Theoretical Calculations. Progress in Nuclear Energy. 105. 99-105 (2018).
  4. Andreades C., Cisneros A., Choi J., Chong A, Fratoni M., Hong S., Huddar L., Huff K., Kendrick J., Krumwiede D., Laufer M., Munk M., Scarlat R. O., Zweibaum N., Greenspan E., Wang X., Peterson P., Design Summary of the Mark I Pebble-Bed, Fluoride-Salt-Cooled, High-Temperature Reactor Commercial Plant. Nuclear Technology. 195 (3) 223-238. (2016).
  5. Scarlat R. O., Laufer M. R.,Blandford E. D.,Zweibaum N.,Krumwiede D. L., Cisneros A.T., Andreades C., Forsberg C.W., Greenspan E., Hu L., Peterson P. F., Design and licensing strategies for the fluoride-salt-cooled, high-temperature reactor (FHR) technology. Progress in Nuclear Energy. 77, 406-420. (2014).
  6. Zweibaum N., Cao, Cisneros A.T., Laufer M.R., Scarlat R. O., Seifried J.E., Anderson M.H., Forsberg C.W., Greenspan E., Hu L., Peterson P.F., Sridharan K., Phenomenology, methods and experimental program for fluoride-salt-cooled, high-temperature reactors (FHRs). Progress in Nuclear Energy. 77. 390-405 (2014).
  7. Forsberg C. W., Lam S., Carpenter D. M., Whyte D. G., Scarlat R. O., Contescu C., Wei L., Stempien J., Blandford E., Tritium Control and Capture in Salt-Cooled Fission and Fusion Reactors: Status, Challenges and Path Forward. Nuclear Technology. 197 (2). 119-139. (2017)
  8. Andreades C., Scarlat R. O., Dempsey L., Peterson P., Reheat-Air Brayton Combined Cycle Power Conversion Design and Performance Under Nominal Ambient Conditions. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power. 136 (6). (2014).
  9. Scarlat R. O., Peterson P. F., The current status of fluoride salt cooled high temperature reactor (FHR) technology and its overlap with HIF target chamber concepts. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A. 733. 57-64 (2013).
  10. Scarlat R. O., Cisneros A.T., Koutchesfahani T., Hong R., Peterson P. F., Preliminary safety analysis of a PBMR supplying process heat to a co-located ethylene production plant. Nuclear Engineering and Design 251. 53-59 (2012).

Newsletters, magazines, newspapers

Williams, H., Clean energy you don’t have to take with a grain of salt. Frontiers in Energy Research Newsletter, Spring 2021.

Williams, H. The acidity of salt: The chemistry of advanced nuclear energy. Frontiers in Energy Research Newsletter, Winter 2021.